Here is, what is known about these armed regime supporters, known locally as "Shabiha".
In the five months of unrest, many Syrians say that they have seen heavily armed men in black struggle against the army and services dressed.
The men are accused of, not only kill and included killings, drive-by shootings and sectarian attacks against humans, to visit the demonstrations but also carrying out a campaign of intimidation,.
Activists say on that their presence has enabled the Government to deny any involvement in the very brutal actions against demonstrators.
"they are not afraid to use violence, violence, weapons, extortion and blackmail," said Ammar Qurabi Syria's national organization for human rights to the associated press.
"In this way the regime stays clean and will say: 'Gangs are seeing this, to do this, not us'."
"Thugs"It is not clear exactly who they are and to whom they are loyal, but the term "Shabiha" was again used to describe them. Derived from the Arabic word for "Spirit", it has now as "Thugs" in the today's Syria.
The Government said armed gangs had targeted civilians in Latakia; The activists blamed shabihaThe term is believed, first appeared a RAID in the port city of Latakia, are in the revolt against President Bashar al-Assad to where a notorious, mafia criminal syndicate called that the Shabiha has existed for years.
In the cities along the Mediterranean coast, local Shabiha to gangs protection clubs, weapons and drug smuggling rings and other criminal enterprises are running. People car reportedly the name not mentioned.
Membership in the Shabiha is drawn largely minority Alawite sect, President Assad, which dominates the Government, the security services and the military.
In May of the European Union first imposed sanctions on Mr Assad's cousin, made and Munzir, for their alleged involvement in "the repression against the civilian population as members of the Shabiha".
The connection of the Assad family seems the Shabiha occur in the 1970s after Hafez al-Assad - father of Bashar - President in a coup d ' état was the opportunity type. The gangs with a few restrictions operate and are in General as is seen above the law and ruling by force.
Its members were armed Rifaat according to reports of military units under the command of Hafezs brother.
However, the Shabiha was allegedly too much of an embarrassment to the Assad in the 1990's disregard for the authorities in Latakia and the brutal enforcement of their protection racket.
Bashar was charged with reining in the Shabiha and restore law and order to the town by his father. In one incident, the future President had supposedly his cousin bodyguards detained due to a passerby beat up.
Such measures were braked the worst excesses of the Shabiha have, but his power and influence were not significantly eroded.
' Bare cutIn late March 2011 the Shabiha seems to have come, seek help from President Assad as large anti-Government protests in Latakia and Baniyas and based broke out in the nearby towns.
Militiamen refused Syrian officials with per-regime to intensify the crackdownResidents said members of the Group joined soldiers from the army, 4th Panzer Division - commanded by the president's younger brother Maher - and civilians had attacked.
Gunmen fired automatic weapons from vehicles and sniper positions on rooftops, added she took. Others broke in the houses of demonstrators beat inmates and stuck in the houses on fire.
In may an attack on said people, Western village of Nimrud say on the Lebanese border is reporters fled, that their throat cuts in the Straits of black-uniformed "Shabiha" had some residents.
Some were the attacker from Qardaha, the ancestral seat of the family of Assad and ID cards to the local Sunni residents examined a predominantly Nusairier town in the Northwest, which is, she said. Say that Kalakh a Sunni village of 12 Nusairier villages is surrounded.
"When they, that he is a Sunni from its name see, they take him and him kill", said a woman told of Reuters.
"she destroyed the bin - Khattab Omar mosque, because according to a companion of Prophet Muhammad and love to Sunni named." "We have here is a sectarian war between the Alawites and Sunnis."
Such demands raised suspicion in the opposition, which was the Government Shabiha, to help it play fears of a sectarian divide.
'Outsourced repression'There were also reports that kill soldiers and police officers tried to stop Shabiha of civilians in Nimrud say and elsewhere had been shot.
As in April killed a Brigadier General in the army together with his two sons and a nephew in Homs has been, blamed officials of criminal gangs. But witnesses and human rights activists said that he had been murdered by Shabiha.
Until June, said activists and witnesses had to be sent, hundreds - even thousands - of Shabiha security forces launch attacks to crush dissent in troubled cities or intimidate, to protest the elsewhere.
Videos posted online are displayed, point to beat men in civilian clothes, soldiers and police to join and to hold protesters in Homs. Stab other protesters gathered at a mosque in Damascus. Photographs were also of burnt-out vehicles, homes and businesses that were said belong to the well-known campaigners and demonstrators released.
Syrian officials have denied militias with per-regime to intensify the raid against the Protestants and to commit atrocities in their name.
It has instead insisted that criminal gangs or terrorists have targeted, civilians killed security forces and zerstörtes property.
However, the demands of the international community have released "outsourcing wave of repression" has accused President Assad.
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